Article 125 Exchange of information

an issuermeans a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets; of a significant asset-referenced tokenmeans a type of crypto-asset that is not an electronic money token and that purports to maintain a stable value by referencing another value or right or a combination thereof, including one or more official currencies; or a person controlling or being directly or indirectly controlled by an issuermeans a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets; of a significant asset-referenced tokenmeans a type of crypto-asset that is not an electronic money token and that purports to maintain a stable value by referencing another value or right or a combination thereof, including one or more official currencies;;

a third party as referred to in Article 34(5), first subparagraph, point (h), with which an issuermeans a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets; of a significant asset-referenced tokenmeans a type of crypto-asset that is not an electronic money token and that purports to maintain a stable value by referencing another value or right or a combination thereof, including one or more official currencies; has a contractual arrangement;

a crypto-asset service providermeans a legal person or other undertaking whose occupation or business is the provision of one or more crypto-asset services to clients on a professional basis, and that is allowed to provide crypto-asset services in accordance with Article 59;, credit institutionmeans a credit institution as defined in Article 4(1), point (1), of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and authorised under Directive 2013/36/EU; or investment firmmeans an investment firm as defined in Article 4(1), point (2), of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and authorised under Directive 2014/65/EU; ensuring the custody of the reserve assets in accordance with Article 37;

an issuermeans a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets; of a significant e-money token or a person controlling or being directly or indirectly controlled by an issuermeans a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets; of a significant e-money token;

a payment service providermeans a payment service provider as defined in Article 4, point (11), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366; that provides payment servicesmeans payment services as defined in Article 4, point (3), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366; in relation to significant e-money tokens;

a natural or legal person in charge of distributing significant e-money tokens on behalf of the issuermeans a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets; of significant e-money tokens;

a crypto-asset service providermeans a legal person or other undertaking whose occupation or business is the provision of one or more crypto-asset services to clients on a professional basis, and that is allowed to provide crypto-asset services in accordance with Article 59; providing custody and administration of crypto-assets on behalf of clientsmeans the safekeeping or controlling, on behalf of clients, of crypto-assets or of the means of access to such crypto-assets, where applicable in the form of private cryptographic keys;, in relation to significant asset-referenced tokensmeans a type of crypto-asset that is not an electronic money token and that purports to maintain a stable value by referencing another value or right or a combination thereof, including one or more official currencies; or significant e-money tokens;

a trading platform for crypto-assetsmeans a digital representation of a value or of a right that is able to be transferred and stored electronically using distributed ledger technology or similar technology; on which a significant asset-referenced tokenmeans a type of crypto-asset that is not an electronic money token and that purports to maintain a stable value by referencing another value or right or a combination thereof, including one or more official currencies; or a significant e-money token has been admitted to trading;

the management bodymeans the body or bodies of an issuer, offeror or person seeking admission to trading, or of a crypto-asset service provider, which are appointed in accordance with national law, which are empowered to set the entity’s strategy, objectives and overall direction, and which oversee and monitor management decision-making in the entity and include the persons who effectively direct the business of the entity; of the persons referred to in points (a) to (h).

complying with the request is likely to adversely affect its own investigation, enforcement activities or, where applicable, criminal investigation;

judicial proceedings have already been initiated in respect of the same actions and against the same natural or legal persons before the courts of the Member State addressed;

a final judgment has already been delivered in relation to such natural or legal person for the same actions in the Member State addressed.